What they found was that, in general, if the campus organization mentioned was any kind of religious organization ("University of Alabama Catholic Association"), it significantly reduced the chances of getting an email or phone call back on the resume, compared to an undistinct but non-religious organization ("University of Alabama Student Association").
That reduction most significantly affected those resumes mentioning a Muslim, atheist, or pagan organization. Mentioning a Catholic or fictitious ("Wallonian") organization had a smaller but still present reduction. Mentioning an Evangelical Christian organization had a small but discernible negative impact. Oddly enough, mentioning a Jewish organization actually seemed to encourage call-backs.
The results largely parallel their earlier, similar study held in New England (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562413000413), though there were some specific differences.
The paper authors suggest a general dislike of overt religiosity among the hiring authorities involved, but that, working within that, certain belief groups were seen as more problematic or less desirable to hire, in particular minority or non-traditional belief systems.
That's … sad. And disturbing. Including information about participation in campus organizations is not uncommon on resumes, especially post-graduate ones. While, as a hiring manager myself, I'd be most interested on ones that were germane to the job being sought ("University of Alabama Computer Geek Association"), general participation in stuff is usually considered a good thing. But not, it seems, if it's seen as the wrong stuff.
At the very least, though, it's something to consider when putting together one's resume.
Society Pages: http://thesocietypages.org/citings/2014/06/24/religion-hiring/
Vox: http://www.vox.com/2014/6/17/5817276/putting-a-religious-identifier-on-your-resume-might-cost-you-the-job
Abstract: http://scu.sagepub.com/content/1/2/189.short
Full study: http://scu.sagepub.com/content/1/2/189.full.pdf+html
Putting a religious identifier on your resume might cost you the job
Applicants highlighting religious involvement on their resumes are less likely to hear back from potential employers, according to two studies.